New medical treatment in regenerating bone and tissue has been found

The healing process of bone fracture was conducted by osteoblasts and osteoclasts 

In orthopedical treatment, regenerating essential aspect such bone and tissue has been becoming major issue. Bone system is a complex biological process which physiologically speaking is organized very well indicating sensitive relationship for each component. As a result, the process of reconstruction and restoring the bone and tissue must be treated thoroughly. Interestingly, there is a new method to regenerate the bone tissue suggested by researchers at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Speaking about bone, this part of human body develops as much as the age. During the development and the growth of human, the body improves their skeletal development according to the demands for moving, as well as proceeding the remodeling structure of the bone from early age to adults. With this biological process, the bone is actually able to do the healing process particularly in regenerating the bone cells after fracturing. Biologically speaking, there are two types of cells which play important role in regenerating the bones and they are osteoblast cells and osteoclast cells.

Those two cells are considered as extracellular vesicles phenomenon as their capability in development and regenerating outside the cell itself. Therefore, to understand how they work in enhancing their capacity in regenerating the bone and tissues, the University of Birmingham’s scientists derived the mineral of osteoblasts cell and utilized it to induce the stem cell cultures. Wait, demineralizing? According to the Online Dictionary of Oxford, demineralize is the process of removing or depriving essential minerals from something. In this case, the scientists removed the essential minerals of osteoblasts which is coded as the name of MO-EVs. But, actually what is the minerals of Osteoblasts?

In mechanism of bone regeneration, the osteoblast is responsible in building the new bone matrix while osteoclast break it down. When building the new matrix, the osteoblasts produce protein mixture called osteoid which has collagen as its essential protein. This type of protein is able to deposit minerals including calcium so the fracture which cause cavity within the bone is filled by the process of deposition of minerals in the next process conducted by osteoclasts.

By understanding this process, the scientists therefore utilized the minerals which were taken from extracellular vesicles. But why it has to be minerals from extracellular vesicles? As we explained previously, the deposition of minerals in regenerating the bone is stimulated by the presence of derived protein resulted from deriving of its parent cells and in this explanation the bone fracture. Therefore, the new method observed what if the protein is derived from another vesicle, such as another cells.

To be concluded, the study which was published on Nature Scientific Research presents that the induction of mineralizing osteoblast in mesenchymal stem cell showed significant changing in the development of alkaline phosphatase. This results showed that the presence of phosphate source increased as well as the rate of volume implying the process of regeneration cells.

Reference
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